: Indicate a potential change in the market trend. Examples include:

Unlike many financial authors who focus solely on mathematics, Bedford is a trader who understands that charts are drawn by human beings (or algorithms programmed by them). Her approach in this book is holistic—she treats candlestick charting not just as a statistical tool, but as a mirror reflecting fear, greed, and hope.

Bedford famously despises screen staring. Her secret is a pre-market checklist printed on one side of A4 paper. The PDF version of her book is famous for including a facsimile of her personal "Trade Prep Sheet."