Chapter 9 provides empirical correlations for various geometries, including: Vertical plates and cylinders. Horizontal plates (hot surface facing up vs. down). Inclined plates. Horizontal cylinders and spheres.
Natural convection governs everything from passive cooling of electronics to ocean currents. Use the solution manual as a map, not a taxi, and you will not only pass your course but truly understand heat transfer. Inclined plates
Using the wrong characteristic length. For vertical plates, $L$ is the height, not the width. Use the solution manual as a map, not
Natural convection problems primarily utilize the following relationships: Rayleigh Number Newton’s Law of Cooling Film Temperature Course Hero Accessing the Full Manual not a taxi
The governing equations for free convection are:
The physics here involves conduction and radiation competing with natural convection. The effective thermal conductivity is key.