Hibernate will not create the perfect index for you automatically. Understanding that an index on (created_at) is useless for a query filtering by (status) is crucial. You must analyze your query execution plans (using EXPLAIN ANALYZE ) to ensure your database is seeking, not scanning.
By following these recommendations and applying the insights provided in the "High-performance Java Persistence" PDF, developers can build high-performance Java applications that meet the demands of modern software systems. High-performance Java Persistence.pdf